Beyond the Records: A Personal Discovery at the National Archives

National Archives in Washington, DC, photographed by Brenda Leyndyke

Last summer, I had the opportunity to attend Gen-Fed in Washington, DC, and the main highlight of that trip was spending time at the National Archives.

This was something I had wanted to do for years.

As a family historian, we spend so much time working with digital records, indexes, and transcriptions. Those tools are invaluable, but they are not the same as being there in person.

Walking into the research room, I felt a sense of awe. I knew that somewhere in that building were records connected to my own family.

When I was finally able to sit down, look at, and touch the documents, it became something more than research.

It became personal when I looked through logbooks from the 1890s and early 1900s for Point Betsie Lighthouse in Frankfort, Michigan, and saw entries for my great-grandfather, Frank H. Glover.

Lighthouse Log Book at NARA in Washington, D.C.

I had the opportunity to view log books from my great grandfather’s time as an assistant lighthouse keeper. Seeing his name written in those records was one thing. But actually being there, turning the pages, and knowing that these were the very documents created during his lifetime, is hard to put into words.

I am emotional just writing this.

There is something powerful about touching a piece of your family’s history. It connects you to them in a way that no digital image ever can.

The log book entry, on the last entry, for Frank H. Glover's resignation in June, 1900

In that moment, my great grandfather was no longer just a name, a date, or an entry in my family tree. He was a person who kept those logs, who lived that life, and whose work was recorded in those pages.

It is an experience I had hoped for, and one I will never forget.

Research Notes:

• Repository: National Archives I

• Record type: Lighthouse log books

• Time period: 1898-1902

• Location: Record Group 25, Entry Number NC 1 106, Bound volume number 10

• Access notes: Accessed in person 

This was just one of many records I found documenting my great-grandfather’s life, each adding another piece to his story. But this moment felt different. It reminded me why I spend so much time doing this work, not just to gather names and dates, but to better understand the lives behind them. Moments like this turn research into connection and make family history feel truly personal.

Ten Things I Learned Researching at the National Archives in D.C. and MD

This summer I spent eight days researching at both National Archives I (downtown Washington, D.C.) and National Archives II (College Park, Maryland). It was an eye-opening experience. Each location has its strengths and quirks, and as a first-time researcher at both, I learned a lot, sometimes the hard way. Here are ten takeaways from my visit.

1. The Catalog Is Huge and Overwhelming

The NARA catalog is not as user-friendly as other archives or library catalogs. The Archives has billions of records in its collection. Search terms that seem obvious do not always work, and narrowing down to the right record group can take persistence. I often felt like I was missing something, especially with less-used collections such as lighthouse records or postmaster files.

2. NARA I Staff Are Friendlier

The staff at Archives I were consistently more approachable, patient, and helpful. They guided me through record requests and explained things clearly. At Archives II, the staff felt more rushed and less friendly, and in some cases the interactions felt accusatory.

3. Accusations at NARA II Felt Uncomfortable

At Archives II, staff patrolled the research room checking for declassification tags on documents being scanned. I was asked multiple times: Do you have a tag? Are you using it on every document? Did you take pictures without it? At one point I was even asked if I had put rusty paper clips on the records. It felt accusatory and unnecessary, especially since paper clips would never make it past security. 

4. Supplies Are Easier to Access at NARA I

At Archives I, basic supplies like weights were readily available. At Archives II, you had to ask for everything, even weights, and sometimes sign them out. It slowed the process and added unnecessary frustration when you didn't know where they were. 

5. Wait Times Vary, but NARA I Did Better

At both archives, wait times for record pulls averaged about 45 minutes. NARA I generally handled requests more smoothly. At NARA II, you had to look up box and row information yourself using binders, while NARA I staff filled that in for you. As a beginner, I really appreciated the extra help.

6. Rules Control the Fun

One thing to know before you go: NARA has 86 rules for researchers. They are available online here: Research Room Rules (https://www.archives.gov/research/research-room-rules). It is best to review them in advance so you know what to expect.

7. Cafeteria and Eating Areas at NARA II Were Better

If you want a good lunch during your research break, Archives II is the place. The cafeteria had more options, and the eating area was spacious and newer. NARA I’s food options were far more limited and others said not as good.  

8. Research Assistance Was Stronger at NARA I

At Archives I, I could easily find someone to answer questions about the materials I was using. At NARA II, there was one specialist for Army records, and he was swamped. I often felt on my own.

Neither archive was able to suggest the correct search terms when I asked about German Prisoners of War at Fort Custer. I was repeatedly told to use “Custer,” which returned results about General Custer. Searching “German Prisoners of War” brought up records about United States soldiers held in Germany. The key term turned out to be “enemy prisoners,” which I eventually discovered on my own. Once I tried that, I found far more relevant information. I was also directed to Record Group 394, Continental Commands, which contained cartographic records but not for the time period I needed. In contrast, Record Group 389, Records of the Provost Marshal (1941– ), was filled with information. 

9. Tracking Records Was Hit or Miss

At NARA II, the electronic monitor in the research room made it easy to know when my records were ready. At NARA I, it was inconsistent. Sometimes staff told me my records were upstairs, sometimes to check if they had been submitted downstairs. Once I wasted two and a half hours looking for my lighthouse records before giving up and coming back the next day. Thankfully, that was an exception, not the rule.

10. Strengths of Each Archive

Archives I excels at military and land records, while Archives II is known for 20th-century military records and modern federal agency records. Accuracy was solid at both locations. Only once did I receive the wrong time period for a record request. 

Rules Control the Fun

One thing to know before you go: NARA has 86 rules for researchers. They are available online here: Research Room Rules (https://www.archives.gov/research/research-room-rules). It is best to review them in advance so you know what to expect.

Final Thoughts

Researching at the National Archives can be rewarding, but it requires patience, persistence, and sometimes a thick skin. I am glad I had the chance to experience both NARA I and II. I learned not only about my research subjects but also about how the archives work.

If you are planning a visit, do your homework ahead of time. The NARA website is filled with finding aids and preparation guides that will make your time there more productive. Some resources I found helpful include:

1. Guide to Genealogical Research in the United States (available at HathiTrust)

2. NARA’s Catalog Guide: https://www.archives.gov/research/genealogy/catalog-guide

3. Preliminary Inventories available online through the Allen County Public Library in Fort Wayne. These help identify the records within each record group. Not all preliminary inventories are digitized here.

4. Prologue Magazine, a NARA publication now out of print, but past issues are available online at archives.gov. It contains a wealth of research tips and background articles.

These tips come from my personal experience, and yours may be different. I spent days preparing for my visit and thought I was ready, only to discover that the archives had even more to teach me. My best advice is to embrace the process and enjoy the experience. Visiting the National Archives had been a dream of mine for years, and finally walking into those research rooms felt like stepping into history itself. No matter the challenges or frustrations, I will always be grateful that I had the chance to be there, to handle original records, and to connect more deeply with the past.

Why Gen-Fed Belongs on Every Genealogist’s Bucket List

This will be one of many blog posts in the coming weeks about my bucket list attendance at the Genealogical Institute on Federal Records (Gen-Fed) in Washington D.C. Here are my thoughts on why you should attend it.

Why You Should Attend the Genealogical Institute on Federal Records

The Genealogical Institute on Federal Records (Gen-Fed) is an exceptional educational opportunity for genealogists who want to deepen their understanding of federal records and how to use them in research. Held annually in Washington, D.C., this institute brings together expert speakers, hands-on research opportunities, and access to world-class archives.

Hands-On Research at the National Archives

One of the greatest benefits of Gen-Fed is the opportunity to conduct hands-on research at both National Archives I (downtown Washington, D.C.) and National Archives II (College Park, Maryland). You’ll learn how to navigate record groups, request materials, and explore documents that may not be digitized anywhere else. These research experiences are invaluable for uncovering details about ancestors who served in the military, worked for the federal government, or were impacted by federal policies.

Access to World-Class Libraries

In addition to the National Archives, Gen-Fed includes visits to other major repositories such as the Library of Congress and the DAR Library. These visits provide participants with guided orientations to the collections, tips from experienced librarians, and at the DAR Library the chance to explore materials that can enrich family history research.

Learn from the Best

The institute brings together expert genealogical speakers, including professionals who work at the National Archives. Attendees gain valuable knowledge through lectures, workshops, and one-on-one interactions. Topics cover NARA research tools, military service and pension files, land and bounty land records, immigration and naturalization, African American research, legislative and court records, and other specialized collections at NARA. Each session provides practical guidance on applying federal resources to real-world genealogical questions.

Camaraderie and Networking

Another advantage of Gen-Fed is the sense of community it fosters. Spending a week with like-minded researchers fosters collaboration, encouragement, and lifelong friendships. Many participants say that the opportunity to network with others who share their passion for genealogy is one of the most rewarding aspects of the institute. Researchers from 24 states and the Netherlands attended this year. They were from various backgrounds, such as, genealogical society leaders, attorneys, authors, librarians, professors, small business owners and more.

Special Events and Opportunities

Attending Gen-Fed is more than a week of classes at the National Archives. It is a unique experience that provides education with unforgettable opportunities. In addition to expert-led sessions on federal records, participants enjoyed special events such as the 75th Anniversary Commemoration and alumni receptions. Optional tours expand the learning beyond the classroom, with highlights including a National Mall tour of more federal records and individual military consultation. Dedicated research time at Archives I (DC) and Archives II (MD) added to the experience. 

 Why Attend?

Attending the Genealogical Institute on Federal Records is an investment in your skills as a researcher. You’ll return home with new knowledge, hands-on experience, and a deeper appreciation for the breadth of resources available at federal institutions. If you’re serious about genealogy and want to take your research to the next level, Gen-Fed is the place to be. 

Additional Thoughts

You may have heard how hard it is to get into the Gen-Fed Institute. There are requirements and it is limited to about 45 researchers, but don't let that discourage you. If you get wait-listed, be patient. This year the entire wait-list was contacted, so the wait-list works. If you want more information check out the Gen-Fed website:  https://www.gen-fed.org/

I almost forgot to mention the 300 page handbook and numerous dropbox resources. It is incredible. I will be busy reading it all in the weeks ahead.

I felt extremely priviledged and grateful to attend this year. My thanks go to Rebecca, the Director and Mary, Assistant Director for their excellent leadership. Also a very special thanks to the Gen-Fed Alumni Association for the Richard S. Lackey Scholarship that I was awarded.

AI Disclosures

This blog post on Journey to the Past was created with the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI), specifically ChatGPT.

The research, interpretation, and writing are my own. AI was used to provide grammar and style suggestions and to generate the outline and headings for this post.

The title was suggested by AI, but I reviewed, edited, and selected the final version.

The photograph used on this blog post was taken by Brenda Leyndyke.

My Gen-Fed Journey-75th Year

This summer I had the privilege of attending the Genealogical Institute on Federal Records (Gen-Fed) during its 75th year. For one week, I joined fellow genealogists in Washington, D.C., to immerse myself in federal records, learn from experts, and dig into the archives. It was truly an honor to be part of such a milestone year.

The week was packed with learning, discovery, and inspiration. The 300-page syllabus alone will keep me busy for months, and the consultations and lectures opened doors to research paths I had not considered before. My time at the National Archives, especially working with primary source materials on lighthouse keepers, Civil War soldiers, and German prisoners of war, gave me confidence and focus for the projects closest to my heart.

Being in Washington during historic times made the experience even more powerful. The city was full of change, but I also found grounding in visiting places where history has long been remembered. The memorials and museums that honor those who came before us offered space for reflection. Standing at these sites reminded me that history is never far from the present.

Gen-Fed was not just about records. It was also about community. Surrounded by genealogists who share the same curiosity and passion, I felt like I belonged to something bigger. The dedication of the directors, Rebecca and Mary, and all who worked so hard behind the scenes, was remarkable. Their energy and leadership made the Institute both welcoming and inspiring.

For me, this was more than an educational program. With my husband living with Alzheimer’s and my mother still with me at 95, I knew this would likely be my last big educational journey. I embraced it as my "last hurrah" and I am so grateful I was able to go.

I returned home with scans, notes, and ideas that will fuel my research for a long time. I plan to share what I have learned with researchers at Fort Custer, with families tracing military ancestors, and with those whose loved ones were once prisoners of war. And of course, I will be writing about my discoveries here on the blog.

Gen-Fed’s 75th year was an unforgettable experience, and one I will carry with me always.